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Landslides: Causes, Environmental Impacts, and Social Consequences
Heavy Rainfall
Persistent or intense rainfall saturates soil and rock layers, significantly increasing groundwater pressure and weakening the internal cohesion of slope materials.
Earthquakes
Seismic activity creates ground vibrations and shockwaves that instantly destabilize weak slopes, triggering rapid mass movement of rock and soil
Volcanic Activity
Eruptions, pyroclastic flows, and volcanic tremors alter surrounding terrain.
Human Falses
Unplanned deforestation, hill cutting for road construction, mining, quarrying, and improper drainage engineering severely compromise slope integrity and accelerate landslide risks.
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